Pharaoh Hound
Summary
The Pharaoh Hound is the national breed of Malta, where it is known as Kelb tal-Fenek ("rabbit dog" in Maltese). For decades, it was believed to descend directly from the dogs of ancient Egypt — a theory now refuted by DNA analyses that show the breed is of European origin and relatively recent. Despite the evocative name, the breed as it exists today was developed in Malta. It is famous for "blushing" when excited — the nose and ears turn visibly pink.
Physical Characteristics
- Size
- Medium
- Height (male)
- 56–63.5 cm
- Height (female)
- 53–61 cm
- Weight (male)
- 20–25 kg
- Weight (female)
- 18–22 kg
- Life Expectancy
- 12–14 years
- Coat
- Short and glossy; fine to slightly harsh; no feathering or standing coat
- Common Colors
- Golden-tan to rich tan; white tail tip desirable; white star on chest; white paws tolerated; no other colors
Temperament & Personality
The Pharaoh Hound is an alert, intelligent, friendly, and very affectionate dog. It is active and loves to play, but can also be very calm in a domestic setting. It is sensitive to cold and should not be kept outdoors in temperate climates. It has a strong hunting instinct and should always be kept on a leash in open spaces.
Activity & Exercise
- Energy Level
- High
- Recommended Daily Exercise
- 90 minutes
Grooming & Care
- Grooming Needs
- Minimal
- Shedding
- Minimal
- Bathing Frequency
- Every 4–6 weeks
Health
- Common Health Issues
- Food hypersensitivity
- Hip dysplasia
- Sensitivity to anesthetics and pesticides
- Recommended Health Tests
- Attention to adverse drug reactions
- Hip evaluation
Compatibility
- With Children
- Excellent
- With Other Dogs
- Excellent
- For First-Time Owners
- Acceptable
Pharaoh Hound — Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Pharaoh Hound?
The Pharaoh Hound is a truly captivating breed, medium in size and brimming with energy! Originating from Malta, where it's affectionately known as Kelb tal-Fenek, meaning "rabbit dog," this breed is part of the FCI's Primitive Type group. While its name evokes ancient Egypt, DNA analysis shows it's a relatively recent European development, not a direct descendant of pharaonic dogs. They are renowned for their alert intelligence, friendly demeanor, and deep affection for their families. A unique characteristic is their charming "blush" – their nose and ears can turn visibly pink when they get excited!
What was the Pharaoh Hound originally bred for?
The Pharaoh Hound, or Kelb tal-Fenek, was originally developed in Malta with a very specific purpose in mind: hunting! Their Maltese name, "rabbit dog," gives a clear clue to their historical role. These agile and intelligent hounds were bred to be exceptional hunters, particularly of rabbits, using their keen senses and impressive speed. This strong hunting instinct is still very much a part of their nature today, making them incredibly alert and focused when they spot potential quarry. It's a testament to their heritage as dedicated working dogs.
How much exercise does a Pharaoh Hound need?
Pharaoh Hounds are wonderfully energetic dogs, so they definitely need a good amount of exercise to stay happy and healthy! With their high energy level, we recommend around 90 minutes of activity every day. This could include brisk walks, playful romps in a securely fenced yard, or engaging in dog sports. Remember, they possess a strong hunting instinct, so it's crucial to always keep your Pharaoh Hound on a leash when you're in open spaces to prevent them from chasing after interesting scents or small animals. They love to play and thrive on activity!
Is the Pharaoh Hound a good family dog?
Absolutely! The Pharaoh Hound can be a wonderful addition to many families. They are known for being friendly, very affectionate, and intelligent, often forming strong bonds with their human companions. They love to play and can be quite active, but they also have a lovely calm side when indoors, enjoying quiet time with their loved ones. While generally good with children due to their playful and affectionate nature, their strong hunting instinct means careful introductions and supervision are wise, especially with smaller, non-canine pets. Early socialization is always key!
Is the Pharaoh Hound easy to train?
Pharaoh Hounds are intelligent and alert dogs, which generally makes them quite capable learners! While they are smart, they can also have an independent streak, characteristic of many sighthound breeds. This means consistent, positive reinforcement training methods work best, focusing on making learning fun and rewarding. They respond beautifully to kindness and patience. Early socialization and puppy classes are highly recommended to help them grow into well-adjusted adults. Their desire to please, combined with their intelligence, makes them very trainable companions for those who understand their unique temperament.
What health issues are common in the Pharaoh Hound?
Like all breeds, Pharaoh Hounds can be prone to certain health considerations, and being aware of these helps ensure they receive the best care. Documented concerns for the breed include food hypersensitivity, which means some may have allergies or sensitivities to certain ingredients in their diet. They can also be susceptible to hip dysplasia, a condition affecting the hip joints. Additionally, Pharaoh Hounds are known to have a sensitivity to anesthetics and pesticides, so it's vital to discuss this with your veterinarian before any medical procedures or pest control treatments. Regular vet check-ups are always a good idea!
What is the Pharaoh Hound's coat like and how much grooming does it need?
The Pharaoh Hound sports a short, fine coat that is wonderfully low-maintenance, making grooming a breeze! This sleek coat doesn't require extensive care, typically needing just a quick brush once a week to remove loose hairs and keep it looking shiny. While their grooming needs are minimal, it's important to remember that Pharaoh Hounds are sensitive to cold. Their short coat offers little protection, so they should never be kept outdoors in temperate climates and will appreciate a cozy sweater or coat when temperatures drop for walks or outdoor adventures. They truly are wash-and-wear companions!
What is the typical lifespan of a Pharaoh Hound?
Pharaoh Hounds are generally robust and healthy dogs, and with proper care, they can be cherished companions for many years! The typical lifespan for a Pharaoh Hound is between 12 and 14 years. Providing them with a balanced diet, regular exercise, routine veterinary check-ups, and plenty of love will contribute significantly to their longevity and quality of life. They truly offer a long and loving companionship to their families, bringing joy and their unique charm for over a decade.


