Xoloitzcuintle
Summary
The Xoloitzcuintle (pronounced "sho-lo-eats-QUEENT-lee"), also known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is one of the oldest canine breeds in the Americas, with a continuous history of at least 3,000 years documented by Aztec, Olmec, and Mayan archaeological artifacts. It exists in three sizes (standard, intermediate, and miniature) and in two varieties (hairless and coated). It was considered sacred by the Aztecs, who believed it guided the souls of the dead to the underworld.
Physical Characteristics
- Size
- Varies
- Height (male)
- 46–60 cm
- Height (female)
- 46–60 cm
- Weight (male)
- 4–7 kg
- Weight (female)
- 14–25 kg
- Life Expectancy
- 13–18 years
- Coat
- Hairless variety: total or near-total absence of hair; coated variety: short and smooth coat; smooth, soft, and warm skin to the touch
- Common Colors
- Black, slate-grey, dark grey, reddish, liver, bronze, blonde; patches accepted
Temperament & Personality
The Xoloitzcuintle is an intelligent, alert, and loyal dog, with a docile and affectionate temperament with the family. It is an excellent guard dog despite its moderate size. Contrary to what its appearance might suggest, it is a very robust and adaptable breed. It is reserved with strangers but not aggressive. It needs regular exercise and mental stimulation.
Activity & Exercise
- Energy Level
- Moderate
- Recommended Daily Exercise
- 60 minutes
Grooming & Care
- Grooming Needs
- Low
- Shedding
- Minimal
- Bathing Frequency
- Every 2–4 weeks
Health
- Common Health Issues
- Dental problems (incomplete dentition in the hairless variety due to genetic linkage)
- Hip dysplasia
- Skin sensitivity
- Recommended Health Tests
- Dental evaluation
- Hip evaluation
- Preventive sun protection
Compatibility
- With Children
- Good
- With Other Dogs
- Good
- With Cats
- Good
- For First-Time Owners
- Acceptable
