Continental Toy Spaniel
Summary
The Continental Toy Spaniel exists in two varieties distinguished exclusively by the ears: the Papillon (erect ears in a butterfly shape) and the Phalène (drop ears, like a moth). Both varieties can be born in the same litter. It is one of the oldest European lap dog breeds, depicted in paintings since the 13th century in European courts, associated with queens such as Marie Antoinette and Madame de Pompadour. It is considered one of the most intelligent dogs across all groups.
Physical Characteristics
- Size
- Toy
- Height (male)
- 28 cm
- Height (female)
- 28 cm
- Weight (male)
- 1.5–5 kg
- Weight (female)
- 1.5–5 kg
- Life Expectancy
- 14–16 years
- Coat
- Long, fine, wavy (never curly), and silky; without dense undercoat; shorter on the face and front of the legs; fringes on the ears
- Common Colors
- White with patches of any color (white predominates on the body; on head patches, the color exceeds the white)
Temperament & Personality
The Papillon is described as the most athletic and energetic of lap dogs — it is intelligent to the point of being frequently used in agility, obedience, and trick competitions, in which it outperforms much larger breeds. It is cheerful, curious, alert, and very responsive to training. Despite its small size, it is not fragile or fearful. The Phalène tends to be slightly calmer but shares the same intelligence and liveliness.
Activity & Exercise
- Energy Level
- High
- Recommended Daily Exercise
- 30–45 minutes
Grooming & Care
- Grooming Needs
- Moderate
- Shedding
- Moderate
- Bathing Frequency
- Every 3–4 weeks
Health
- Common Health Issues
- Allergies
- Epilepsy
- Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD)
- Neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD)
- Patellar luxation
- Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
- Recommended Health Tests
- Eye examination
- Genetic test for NAD and PRA
- Orthopedic evaluation
Compatibility
- With Children
- Good
- With Other Dogs
- Excellent
- With Cats
- Good
- For First-Time Owners
- Recommended
