Border Collie
Summary
The Border Collie is widely recognized as the most intelligent dog breed in the world — and science confirms that reputation. Developed in the border region between Scotland and England to herd sheep with a unique method of control through fixed stare and body posture (the famous "eye"), it is an extraordinary athlete, a learning machine and a dog that literally lives to work. It is the leading breed in sheepdog trials competitions around the world.
Physical Characteristics
- Size
- Medium
- Height (male)
- 48–56 cm
- Height (female)
- 46–53 cm
- Weight (male)
- 14–20 kg
- Weight (female)
- 12–19 kg
- Life Expectancy
- 12–15 years
- Coat
- Two varieties: medium coat (wavy) and short coat; both with dense undercoat
- Common Colors
- Black and white (most common), tricolor, blue merle, red and white; practically any combination except solid white
Temperament & Personality
The Border Collie is a dog of unmatched intensity — focused, determined and tireless. Its need for mental and physical work is absolutely real: a Border Collie without sufficient stimulation can develop obsessive, destructive or anxiety behaviors. It is an extraordinary partner for active owners committed to training and activity, but it is not a dog for those who just want to "have a dog". Its level of intelligence means it learns both the things we want to teach and those we don't.
Activity & Exercise
- Energy Level
- Very high
- Recommended Daily Exercise
- 120 minutes
Grooming & Care
- Grooming Needs
- Moderate
- Shedding
- Moderate to heavy
- Bathing Frequency
- Every 4–6 weeks
Health
- Common Health Issues
- Collie eye anomaly (CEA)
- Deafness
- Drug sensitivity (MDR1)
- Epilepsy
- Hip dysplasia
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL)
- Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
- Recommended Health Tests
- CEA
- Eye examination
- MDR1 genetic tests
- NCL
- Orthopedic evaluation
- Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
Compatibility
- With Other Dogs
- Good
- For First-Time Owners
- Not recommended
